The chewing surfaces of molars and premolars naturally contain pits and grooves. In some teeth, these grooves are narrow or deep enough that toothbrush bristles cannot easily reach every area.
Dental sealants create a protective layer over these vulnerable surfaces. By covering the grooves, the sealant makes it more difficult for food particles and cavity-causing bacteria to collect directly against the tooth.
Sealants are a preventive treatment. They do not replace brushing, flossing, regular dental examinations, or other forms of preventive dental care.
How Do Dental Sealants Help Prevent Cavities?
Tooth decay develops when acids produced by bacteria in dental plaque begin breaking down the tooth’s surface.
The grooves of back teeth can be particularly susceptible because plaque and food can become trapped in areas that are difficult to clean.
A sealant forms a barrier over these grooves, reducing the opportunity for bacteria and food debris to collect there.
The smooth sealed surface can also make the chewing surface of the tooth easier to keep clean.
Who Can Benefit From Dental Sealants?
Sealants are frequently recommended for children and teenagers as their permanent back teeth come in.
Protecting these teeth early can help reduce their exposure to decay during years when oral hygiene habits and diet may still be developing.
Adults can also benefit from sealants in certain situations, particularly when they have deep grooves in back teeth that are considered at increased risk for decay.
Not every tooth needs a sealant. Your dentist can examine the tooth’s anatomy, existing restorations, cavity history, and other risk factors before recommending treatment.
How Are Dental Sealants Applied?
Applying a dental sealant is generally a straightforward procedure and does not usually require removing healthy tooth structure.
The tooth is first cleaned and prepared so the sealant material can bond properly. It is then kept dry while the liquid sealant is placed into the grooves of the chewing surface.
The material is hardened, typically using a curing light, creating a protective coating over the tooth.
Your dentist will check the sealant and your bite after it has been placed.
