Dental X-rays, also called dental radiographs, create images of your teeth and surrounding structures.
A visual dental examination provides important information about the surfaces of your teeth, gums, and other areas of your mouth. However, some parts of your oral health are hidden from view.
X-rays can provide additional information about areas such as the spaces between teeth, tooth roots, jawbone, and developing teeth.
Your dentist can review these images alongside your examination findings and dental history to develop a more complete understanding of your oral health.
Why Are Dental X-Rays Needed?
Many dental conditions begin in areas that are difficult or impossible to see during a routine examination.
Depending on the type of image taken, dental X-rays may help your dentist:
- Identify cavities between teeth
- Evaluate the extent of tooth decay
- Examine tooth roots
- Assess the bone supporting your teeth
- Look for signs of infection around a tooth
- Evaluate impacted or developing teeth
- Assess certain dental injuries
- Monitor changes that have occurred over time
- Gather information before certain dental procedures
An X-ray does not necessarily mean that treatment is required. It provides additional diagnostic information that your dentist considers along with your symptoms, examination, and dental history.
What Are the Different Types of Dental X-Rays?
Different X-rays provide different views of your teeth and surrounding structures. The type your dentist recommends depends on what needs to be evaluated.
Bitewing X-Rays
Bitewing X-rays typically show the crowns of the upper and lower teeth in the same area.
They are commonly used to look for cavities between teeth and can also provide information about the bone around the teeth.
Periapical X-Rays
A periapical X-ray provides an image of the entire tooth, including the crown, root, and surrounding bone.
These images can be useful when your dentist needs to examine a particular tooth or the area around its root more closely.
Panoramic X-Rays
A panoramic X-ray creates a broader image that includes the teeth, jaws, and surrounding structures.
It can provide an overview of your mouth and may be used when evaluating tooth development, wisdom teeth, missing teeth, or other areas that require a wider view.
Other types of dental imaging may also be used depending on the practice and the information required.
How Often Do You Need Dental X-Rays?
Dental X-rays do not need to be taken according to the same schedule for every patient.
How often they are recommended can depend on factors such as:
- Your age
- Current oral health
- Cavity risk
- Gum and bone health
- Previous dental treatment
- Symptoms or areas of concern
- Existing restorations
- Previous X-rays and when they were taken
A patient with a history of frequent cavities or an active dental concern may require imaging at different intervals than someone with a stable oral health history.
Your dentist can determine when new images are likely to provide useful diagnostic information.